The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times late to take a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the final moments to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout win.
The record champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 years.